Welcome to Founder Reality
Here's what's new
While You Were Watching the Chatbots
Over the past two years, Canada quietly rebuilt the question of who controls its artificial intelligence. Not in one announcement. That's the point. There was never a single moment loud enough to make you look up. The decisions arrived in fragments — a Christmas Eve letter, a contribution agreement with a file number, a press release at a university most people don't follow, an MOU with the important parts blacked out. Each fragment was, on its own, small enough to ignore. Together they red
Read storyFounder Reality is written by George Pu — $10M+ portfolio built by 27, no investors, no co-founders.
Latest Essays
What I'm thinking about right now.
Fine-tuning your own AI doesn't cost $35,000. It cost us about $50.
Two A100 graphics cards. Spinning quietly in a Google datacenter. Five hours of training. About $50 in compute. That's what it cost us to fine-tune our own 4-billion-parameter AI model this week. The base model went from 30% accuracy on the tasks we care about to 98%. Read any article on fine-tuning costs and you'll see numbers between $5,000 and $35,000. One blog called it a 'CFO conversation.' Another listed 'hidden expenses' that could double your initial estimate. A third quoted team
Read essay
Your ChatGPT and Claude Conversations Are Court Evidence
Greg Brockman's journal became Exhibit 161 this week. The next chapter writes itself. Someone's ChatGPT history becomes Exhibit 162. That sentence sounds like speculation. It isn't. The infrastructure is already in place. The court orders are already in place. The only thing missing is a famous enough defendant for the headline to break the way Brockman's did. The court order most people haven't read In May 2025, Magistr
Read essay
The Journal That Exposed the President
Greg Brockman keeps a diary. Not a metaphor. A literal, decades-long, type-into-his-laptop journal that he started in college when he was deciding what to study. He kept it through Stripe. He kept it through founding OpenAI with Musk and Altman. He kept it through the brawl for control of the company in 2017 - the fight that's now being relitigated in a San Francisco courtroom. This week, his journal became Exhibit 161. Hun
Read essayFrom the series · The AI Displacement Series
The Math of Ownership
This is Chapter 5 of 7 in the AI Displacement Series.
More on Policy & Economy
Three essays from the archive on a different angle.
Canada Is Renting Its Sovereignty
In the last piece I wrote about the anchor: Canada designated Cohere as its national champion at the foundation model layer — $240 million, a 24-year term, an MOU that called the company "the only sovereign, cloud-agnostic large language model operating in Canada," and a fund Cohere itself proposed. That designation is settled for a generation. This piece is the opposite kind of writing. The last one was analysis of public records, and I tried to stay out of it. This one carries a point of
Read essay
One Company Summoned Two Central Banks
I was at my desk Tuesday when the Bloomberg alert came through. Bessent and Powell — the Treasury Secretary and the Fed Chair — had called an emergency meeting with every major bank CEO in America. Not about interest rates. Not about the war. Not about a bank run. About a single AI model. Built by a single company. "Yeah, Sovereignty, Sure" I run a project called Sovereign Cloud. The whole thesis is that governments and bus
Read essay
How Cohere Wrote the Fund That's Now Funding Everyone Else
On Christmas Eve 2024, the Government of Canada issued a Letter of Intent to Cohere for a Strategic Innovation Fund contribution of $240 million. The timing is the first thing worth noticing. Christmas Eve is when governments send letters they want done quickly and quietly. The Trudeau government was already wobbling. Chrystia Freeland had resigned on December 16, eight days earlier, in a public letter that called out the Prime Minister's "costly political gimmicks." Less than two weeks lat
Read essay
Straight from the inbox
The weekly newsletter — long-form, no fluff.
Latest Videos
Real talk. No script.
What you might have missed
Three things from across the site you may not have found yet.
You might not have read this
A couple of older essays we think are worth a second look.
How I'm Building Multi-Cloud (Before Spending a Dollar)
This is a follow-up to my last post about cloud lock-in. That piece was about the philosophy — why we don't go deep on any single provider's managed services. This one is about what happens next. You've decided you don't want to be locked in. Great. Now what? I'll be honest — I expected this part to be straightforward. Pick a few providers, compare prices, split the workload. Done. It wasn't like that at all. Some Context I
Read this essay
When to Build vs Buy in AI (My Edition)
I've gotten this wrong before. Not in a small, low-stakes, "oops we picked the wrong software" kind of way. In a way that cost me a year of my life, hundreds of thousands of dollars, and nearly killed a business. So when I tell you the build vs buy question in AI is the most important decision a founder can make right now, I'm not being dramatic. I'm speaking from the scar tissue. The Year I Built What I Should Have Bought
Read this essayRun the numbers yourself
Free calculators and assessments. No email wall.
Recent threads
The latest from @TheGeorgePu.
Canada's AI hardware reality check — what's actually available vs. what founders think they can buy.
GPU shipping is the tell. If you can't physically own the compute, you don't own your AI stack.
I only write code when it's 10/10 important. Slowing down is the real productivity move in 2026.
Mac Studio supply is crunched. Apple's quietly rationing M3 Ultra — AI builders feel it first.
The Newsletter
Real numbers. Expensive lessons. No performance.
Join 5,000+ people who'd rather own than rent.